At the Battery Materials Forum of the 2025 (10th) New Energy Industry Expo hosted by SMM Information & Technology Co., Ltd. (SMM), Lin Shaoxiong, Vice President of the Central Research Institute of Carbon One Group, discussed the topic "Pain Points and Ideas of Silicon-Based Anode Materials." Silicon Anode Applications and Pain Points
What are the future demands for battery anodes?
High energy density, high safety, low expansion, long life, and fast charging (4-8C).
Silicon-based anodes, as a future trend, their applications and challenges
Silicon-based anode applications include consumer batteries, power batteries, and the drone and EVTOL sectors. The challenges of silicon anodes are reflected in process safety, batch stability, first efficiency, expansion, storage, fast charging performance, cost, and more.
Silicon Carbon Process Scale-Up Route
Limitations of Rotary Kilns:
When silane (SiH4) is deposited in a rotary kiln, the uncontrollable particle trajectory can lead to uneven silicon deposition, incomplete carbon coating, and poor batch consistency. Mass Production Challenges of Fluidized Beds:
Although fluidized beds can achieve uniform deposition, they require extremely high equipment sealing and pressure control, and are difficult to scale up to mt-level capacity, resulting in low silane utilization (only 30%~50%) and increased costs. Precise Control of Temperature and Pressure:
CVD processes require precise control of furnace temperature zones and silane partial pressure at high temperatures, otherwise amorphous silicon or silicon particle agglomeration may form, affecting performance. Silicon-Based Anode Ideas
The New Future of Silicon Carbon—Vapor Deposition Process
Vapor Deposition Silicon Carbon Process Diagram
Abundant Sources of Porous Carbon:
Biomass materials, such as coconut shells, rice husks, wood, and other biomass waste, are naturally renewable; resin materials, such as phenolic resin, are chemical products. High Energy Density:
Silicon carbon anodes have high specific capacity characteristics, providing higher energy density, thereby increasing the driving range of batteries. Long Cycle Life:
Silicon carbon anodes have good stability, capable of enduring hundreds or even thousands of charge-discharge cycles, thus extending battery life. Environmental Protection:
CVD steam separation technology is an environmentally friendly preparation method that does not produce harmful waste and meets green energy requirements. Porous Carbon Substrate Direction
Reducing Silicon Carbon Expansion
Introducing mesopores to provide expansion buffer space, combined with interface coating technology
Improving Fast Charging Performance
Enhancing Silicon Carbon First Efficiency
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